Amafemu aseShayina azama kanzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo somhlaba wonke sezinsiza zokuhlola i-coronavirus ngishonjengoba isidingo sasekhaya siphela, kodwa i-juggernaut yokukhiqiza ayikwazi ukwenza okwanele

UFinbarr Bermingham, uSidney Leng no-Echo Xie
Ngenkathi kuqubuka uvalo lokuqubuka kwe-coronavirus eChina ngesikhathi seholidi likaJanuwari Lonyaka Omusha, ithimba lochwepheshe laliboshelwe endaweni yaseNanjing nokuhlinzekwa kwama-noodle asheshayo kanye nesifushane sokuthuthukisa izinsiza zokuhlola zokuxilonga leli gciwane.Ngaleso sikhathi, i-coronavirus yayisidabule idolobha laseWuhan futhi yasabalala ngokushesha eChina.Idlanzana lokuhlolwa kokuxilonga kwase kugunyazwe uhulumeni omkhulu, kodwa amakhulu amafemu ezweni lonke ayesazama ukuthuthukisa ezintsha.

Sinama-oda amaningi manje ... sicabanga ukusebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku
U-ZHANG SHUWEN, NANJING LIMING BIO-PRODUCTS

"Angizange ngicabange ngokufaka isicelo sokugunyazwa eChina," kusho uZhang Shuwen, weNanjing Li ming Bio-Products.“Ukufaka isicelo kuthatha isikhathi esiningi.Lapho ekugcineni ngithola imvume, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqubuka sekuphelile. ”Esikhundleni salokho, uZhang kanye nenkampani ayisungula bayingxenye yethimba labathengisi baseChina abathengisa izinto zokuhlola emhlabeni wonke njengoba ubhubhane lubhebhetheka ngaphandle kweChina, lapho ukuqubuka manje sekulawulwa kakhulu, okuholela ekwehleni kwesidingo sasekhaya.NgoFebhuwari, wafaka isicelo sokuthengisa imikhiqizo emine yokuhlola e-European Union, ethola ukugunyazwa kwe-CE ngoMashi, okusho ukuthi bahambisana nezindinganiso ze-EU zezempilo, ukuphepha kanye nezemvelo.Manje, u-Zhang unencwadi yoku-oda egcwele amakhasimende avela e-Italy, Spain, Austria, Hungary, France, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Japan, and South Korea.“Sinama-oda amaningi manje njengoba sisebenza kuze kushaye u-9 ebusuku.
izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngesonto.Sicabanga ukusebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, sicela abasebenzi ukuthi bathathe amashifu amathathu nsuku zonke, ”kusho uZhang.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi bangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 abantu abavalelwe emhlabeni wonke, kanti isibalo sabashonile emhlabeni wonke ngenxa ye-coronavirus sidlula ku-30,000.Izindawo ezishisayo zokutheleleka ziqhume kulo lonke elaseYurophu nase-United States, kanti isigameko sasuka eWuhan maphakathi neChina saya e-Italy, kwase kuba yiSpain namanje.

I-New York.Ukushoda okungapheli kwemishini yokuhlola kusho ukuthi esikhundleni sokutholwa, iziguli ezingase zibonwe “njengengozi ephansi” ziyacelwa ukuthi zihlale ekhaya.“Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, cishe ingxenye yezimpahla zethu zokuhlola bezithengiswa eChina enye ingxenye yaphesheya.Manje, cishe awekho athengiswayo ngaphakathi.Ezizidayisayo lapha manje ngezakheabagibeli abafika bevela ngaphandle [kwelaseChina] abadinga ukuhlolwa,” kusho isikhulu esiphezulu se-BGI Group, inkampani enkulu yaseChina elandelanisa izakhi zofuzo, esikhulume ngaphansi kwayo.isimo sokungaziwa.Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, i-BGI yayenza amakhithi angama-200,000 ngosuku esitshalweni sayo eWuhan.Lesi sikhungo, esinabasebenzi “abangamakhulu ambalwa”, besigcinwa sisebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku kuyilapho iningi ledolobha livaliwe.Manje, uthe inkampani ikhiqiza amakhithi angu-600,000 ngosuku futhi isanda kuba yinkampani yokuqala yaseShayina ethole imvume ephuthumayo yokuthengisa izivivinyo zayo ze-fluorescent real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) e-US.Amakhithi okuhlola enziwe eShayina avame ukuba khona kulo lonke elaseYurophu nasemhlabeni wonke, engeza isici esisha engxoxweni enomsindo yokwethembela ezintweni zokwelashwa ezivela eChina.Kusukela ngoLwesine, amafemu angama-102 aseShayina anikezwe ithuba lokungena emakethe yaseYurophu, ngokusho kukaSong Haibo, usihlalo weChina Association of In-Vitro Diagnostics (CAIVD), uma kuqhathaniswa neyodwa enelayisensi e-US.Eziningi zalezi zinkampani, nokho,awunayo imvume edingekayo Yokuphatha Imikhiqizo Yezokwelapha Kazwelonke ukuze uthengise e-China.Eqinisweni, bangu-13 kuphela abanikezwe ilayisensi yokuthengisa izinto zokuhlola i-PCR e-China, abayisishiyagalombili abathengisa inguqulo elula ye-antibody.Umphathi enkampanini ye-biotechnology e-Changsha, ongathandanga ukudalulwa, uthe le nkampani inelayisensi kuphela yokuthengisa izinto zokuhlola i-PCR zezilwane eChina, kodwa ilungiselela ukuqongelela ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezintsha ezingama-30,000 zeCovid-19 ezizozithengisa eYurophu. , ngemva “kokuthola isitifiketi se-CE ngoMashi 17″.

Akuwona wonke lawa mathuba okungena emakethe yaseYurophu abe yimpumelelo.I-China yathumela imaski yobuso eyizigidi ezingama-550, izinsiza zokuhlola eziyizigidi ezi-5.5 kanye nama-ventilators ayizigidi ezingama-950 eSpain ngezindleko zama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-432 (amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-480) ekuqaleni kukaMashi, kodwa kusheshe kwavela ukukhathazeka ngekhwalithi yezivivinyo.

Kube nezimo ezinsukwini ezisanda kwedlula lapho abemukeli bemishini yokuhlola yaseChina babika ukuthi ayisebenzanga njengoba bekulindelekile.Ngesonto eledlule, iphephandaba laseSpain i-El País libike ukuthi imishini yokuhlola i-antigen evela enkampanini esekwe e-Shenzhen i-Bioeasy Biotechnology inezinga lokutholwa kwe-Covid-19 elingamaphesenti angama-30 kuphela, lapho bekufanele libe nenembile ngamaphesenti angama-80.I-Bioeasy, kwavela ukuthi ayizange ifakwe ohlwini olugunyaziwe lwabahlinzeki abahlinzekwa eSpain nguMnyango Wezohwebo waseChina.enephutha, iphakamisa ukuthi abacwaningi baseSpain abazange bayilandele kahle imiyalelo.Iziphathimandla ePhilippines ziphinde zathi ngoMgqibelo zilahlile izinto zokuhlola ezivela eChina, zithi isilinganiso sokunemba ngamaphesenti angama-40 kuphela, mhlawumbe manje sekugxilwe kakhulu ngesivinini, futhi mhlawumbe inqubo ibingaphelele kangako,” kusho i-European Union. umthombo, ocele ukungadalulwa."Kepha lokhu kufanele kube ukuvuka kabi ukuthi singayeki ukulawula ikhwalithi, noma sizobe silahla izinsiza ezibalulekile eziyivelakancane ngefasitela futhi silethe ubuthakathaka obengeziwe ohlelweni, okuvumela leli gciwane ukuthi landa ngokuqhubekayo."

Ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuzama ukuthola ukulandelana kofuzo kwegciwane ngokufaka ama-primers - amakhemikhali noma ama-reagents anezelwa ukuhlola uma ukusabela kwenzeka - okunamathiselwe ekulandeleni kofuzo okuhlosiwe.Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlola okusheshayo" nakho kwenziwa nge-swab yamakhala, futhi kungenziwa ngaphandle kokuba isihloko sishiye imoto yabo.Isampula libe selihlaziywa ngokushesha ama-antigen angaphakamisa ukuthi igciwane likhona.

U-Leo Poon, inhloko yesayensi yaselabhorethri yezempilo yomphakathi eNyuvesi yaseHong Kong, uthe ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR "kungcono kakhulu" kunokuhlolwa kwe-antibody noma i-antigen, engathola kuphela i-coronavirus uma isiguli sesithelelekile okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10.

Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthuthuka nokwenza, futhi ngenxa yokushoda okukhulu komhlaba wonke, amazwe emhlabeni jikelele aqoqa izinguqulo ezilula.

Ngokwandayo, ohulumeni baphendukela eChina, yona kanye neSouth Korea, engenye yezindawo ezimbalwa emhlabeni ezinezinsiza zokuhlola ezisatholakala.

Kungase kube nzima kakhulu kunokwenza izinto zokuzivikela
I-BENJAMIN PINSKY, I-STANFORD UNIVERSITY

NgoLwesine, inkampani yezindiza yase-Ireland i-Aer Lingus imemezele ukuthi izothumela izindiza zayo ezinhlanu ezinkulu eChina usuku nosuku ukuyolanda izinto zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa nezinsiza zokuhlola eziyi-100,000 100,000 ngesonto, ukujoyina inqwaba yezizwe eziphinda zisebenzise izindiza zezentengiselwano njengemikhumbi emikhulu yokulethwa kwezokwelapha.

Kepha kuye kwathiwa noma kunomfutho onjalo, iChina ayikwazanga ukuhlangabezana nesidingo somhlaba sezinto zokuhlola, lapho umthengisi oyedwa echaza isidingo esiphelele somhlaba wonke ngokuthi “akunamkhawulo”.

I-Huaxi Securities, inkampani yokutshala izimali yaseChina, ngesonto eledlule ilinganisele isidingo somhlaba wonke semishini yokuhlola efinyelela kumayunithi angama-700,000 ngosuku, kodwa uma kubhekwa ukuthi ukuntuleka kwezivivinyo kusaholele ekutheni cishe ingxenye yomhlaba isebenzise ukuvalwa kwezindawo, lesi sibalo sibonakala sihle.Futhi uma kubhekwa ukwesaba ngabathwali begciwane abangazibonisi izimpawu, emhlabeni okahle, wonke umuntu uzohlolwa, futhi mhlawumbe ngaphezu kwesisodwa.

“Uma leli gciwane selingabambi, anginaso isiqiniseko sokuthi umhlaba, noma ngabe uhlelekile ngokuphelele, ubungahlolwa emazingeni abantu abafuna ukuhlolwa kuwo,” kusho uRyan Kemp, umqondisi weZymo Research, umkhiqizi waseMelika we-molecular biology. amathuluzi okucwaninga, asebenzise “amaphesenti ayi-100 ekusekeleni umzamo we-Covid-19, nokuhlanganisa inkampani yonke ukuthi iyisekele”.

Ingoma, e-CAIVD, ilinganisele ukuthi uma uhlanganisa amandla ezinkampani ezinelayisensi e-China kanye ne-European Union, kungenziwa izivivinyo ezanele usuku ngalunye ukuze kusizwe abantu abayizigidi ezi-3 ngengxube ye-PCR nokuhlolwa kwe-antibody.

Kusukela ngoLwesine, i-US ihlole abantu abangama-552,000 sebebonke, kusho i-White House.UStephen Sunderland, uzakwethu ogxile kwezobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha e-LEK Consulting yaseShanghai, ulinganisele ukuthi uma i-US ne-EU bezingalandela izinga elifanayo lokuhlola njengeNingizimu Korea, kuzoba nesidingo sezivivinyo eziyizigidi ezi-4.

Unalokhu engqondweni, akunakwenzeka ukuthi wonke amandla okukhiqiza emhlabeni angahlangabezana nesidingo, okungenani esikhathini esiseduze.

Imishini yokuhlola “ayifani nokwenza imaski,” kusho umthombo wakwa-BGI, oxwayise ngokuthi ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi izinkampani ezingezona uchwepheshe ezifana neFord, i-Xiaomi noma i-Tesla zenze izinsiza zokuhlola, uma kubhekwa ubunzima nezithiyo zokungena.

Kusukela kumthamo wenkampani wamanje we-600,000 ngosuku, "akunakwenzeka ukunweba ifektri" ngenxa yokuphikisana kwezinqubo ezihilelekile, kusho umthombo we-BGI.Ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokuxilonga e-China kufanele kuhlangabezane nezindinganiso eziqinile zomtholampilo ngakho inqubo yokugunyaza indawo entsha ithatha phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha neziyi-12.

"Kuyinselelo enkulu ukukhulisa umkhiqizo kungazelelwe, noma kufanele ufune omunye umthombo, kunasezindaweni zamamaski," kusho uPoon.“Ifemu kumele ibe nesitifiketi futhi kumele ihlangabezane nezinga eliphezulu.Kuthatha isikhathi.ukwenza kanjalo.”

USong uthe ngento engathi sína njenge-coronavirus, ukuba nekhithi yokuhlola egunyazwe yiChina kungabakube nzima kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.“Leli gciwane liyathelelana kakhulu futhi nokuphathwa kwe-pecimenokuqinile, kunzima ... ukuthola amasampula ukuze uqinisekise ngokugcwele futhi uhlole imikhiqizo," kuchaza.

Ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo kuphinde kwaba nomthelela ekutholakaleni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziswa emishinini, okuholele ekushodeni emhlabeni jikelele.

Isibonelo, umkhiqizo owenziwe i-Zymo ukuze uthuthe futhi ulondoloze amasampula ebhayoloji utholakala ngokuningi - kodwa inkampani ibona ukushoda kwama-swabs alula adingekayo ukuze kuqoqwe amasampula.

Isixazululo sikaZymo ukusebenzisa ama-swabs kwezinye izinkampani."Kodwa-ke kunezinsiza ezilinganiselwe, kangangoba besihlinzeka ngokusebenza ezinhlanganweni ukuthi zibhangqwe nama-swabs ezinawo," kusho uKemp, wengeza ngokuthi, ekuxabaneni kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke, kwenziwa ama-swabs amaningi emhlabeni. yinkampani yase-Italy iCopan, esifundeni saseLombardy esihlaselwe yigciwane.

UBenjamin Pinsky, ophethe ilabhorethri enkulu ye-coronavirus enyakatho yeCalifornia ephuma eNyuvesi yaseStanford, uthe "kube nezinselelo ezinkulu ngokuhlinzekwa kwama-reagents athile nezinto ezisetshenziswayo"
esetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwe-PCR.

Ngenkathi u-Pinsky esungule ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR, ube nobunzima bokuthola izinto ezitholakalayo, okuhlanganisa ama-swabs, imidiya yezokuthutha ngegciwane, ama-reagents e-PCR kanye nezinto zokudonsa.“Ezinye zazo kunzima kakhulu ukuzithola.Kube nokubambezeleka kwezinye zezinkampani ezikhiqiza ama-primer kanye nophenyo,” wengeza.“Kungase kube nzima kakhulu kunokwenza
izinto zokuzivikela.”

I-Zhang e-Nanjing inamandla okwenza izinto zokuhlola i-PCR ezingu-30,000 ngosuku, kodwa ihlela ukuthenga imishini emibili eyengeziwe ukuze ikhuphule izinga lifinyelele ku-100,000.Kodwa izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ziyinkimbinkimbi, esho."Azikho izinkampani ezingaphezu kwezinhlanu e-China ezingathengisa izinto zokuhlola i-PCR phesheya kwezilwandle ngoba ezokuthutha zidinga indawo eku-minus 20 degrees Celsius (68 degrees Fahrenheit)," kusho uZhang.“Uma izinkampani zicela i-cold chain logistics ukuthi zithuthe, imali ekhokhwayo iphakeme kakhulu kunezimpahla ezingakwazi ukuzithengisa.”

Amafemu aseYurophu naseMelika ngokuvamile aphethe imakethe yemishini yokuxilonga emhlabeni, kodwa manje iChina isiyisizinda esibalulekile sokuhlinzekwa kwempahla.

Ngesikhathi sokushoda okunjalo, nokho, icala laseSpain liqinisekisa ukuthi phakathi kwengxabano ephuthumayo yezimpahla zezokwelapha eseziyivelakancane futhi zibalulekile njengothuli lwegolide kulo nyaka, umthengi kufanele aqaphele ngaso sonke isikhathi.